The brake light switch(s) is/are on the master cylinder. The original 67 master cylinder is (I'm pretty sure) a one year only part, but it may have been changed over to a later part. Either way, it has two switches (one for the front brake circuit, one for the back), and either one can send power to the brake lights. One wire goes from the front to the back, then spilts at a connector to supply both lights. If one bulb is working, the problem is in the wiring in the back end of the car. I "think" the wiring connectors are behind the tar board insulation in the engine compartment.
I've found that 90% of the electrical problems on old VWs are bad connections and 90% of those are bad grounds. Just because a wire is plugged onto a terminal and the other end is fastened into the body with a screw doesn't mean there is still an electrical connection. 38 years of moisture in the air can cause enough corrosion and rust to make what appear to be electrical connnections actually turn out to be breaks in the circuit.